SECOND TRIMESTER
4th month
The symptoms of nausea and vomiting have been significantly reduced and the woman is experiencing this phase of pregnancy with relative calm! Her skin acquires a nice texture thanks to the increased blood flow that, like all organs, during pregnancy. After the 16th week, the skin on the forehead often begins to darken (pregnancy chloasma). More dark color may appear also the midline in the abdomen and external genitalia. These changes are hormonal in nature and in most cases subside after childbirth. The mother begins to experience the movements of the fetus after about the 18th week.
5th month
The uterus reaches the height of the navel and so far the pregnant woman has gained about 4-5 kilos. From now on, the weight will increase by about half a kilo per week. If there is a problem with anemia, then it is likely to become more severe, as the mother’s blood volume increases and so does the need for iron, which results in a reduction in hematocrit values. From the 5th month many women experience painful cramps in the lower extremities due to gradual weight gain. Cramps are treated with stretching of the muscle group that presents with painful muscle contraction. Magnesium supplements are thought to reduce the incidence and intensity of contractions.
6th month
The height of the uterus gradually exceeds the navel and the dilation of the mother’s abdomen becomes more pronounced. As a result of stretching, many women experience itching in the abdomen. The itching sensation is more intense when the skin is dry. Stretch marks can also appear on the skin as a result of rapid stretching. One way to improve the symptoms is to moisturize the skin with special emulsions and creams that contain vitamin E. Due to the stretching of the abdomen and the shift of the center of gravity forward in most pregnant women, back pain occurs.To treat the symptom, it is recommended that the mother rest in a supine position, placing pillows under her feet, taking warm showers, massage and stretching.
SYMPTOMS OF THE 2nd TRIMESTER
- Back pain, due to pregnancy hormones, which soften the joints
- Dizziness and a tendency to faint, especially when standing for a long time
- Alteration of temperature sensation and heavy sweating even if the weather is cool
- Constipation
- Heartburn, indigestion and bloating
- Breast augmentation
- Increased desire for food
- Mild swelling of the upper and lower limbs, ankles and face. They swell the ears, the nose and may bleed
- Hemorrhoids and varicose veins form
- Leukorrhea
- Leg cramps, especially at night
- Bleeding gums when brushing